A very large ray (Dicerobatis Giornae) of Southern Europe. It has a hornlike organ projecting forward from each pectoral fin.

The Grunting Ox sometimes becomes twenty feet long and twenty-eight feet broad, and weighs over a ton. Also called a "sea devil".

To have the "black ox tread" on one's foot, is to be unfortunate and to know what sorrow really is because black oxen were sacrificed to Pluto.

Pluto was the son of Saturn and Rhea, brother of Jupiter and Neptune; the dark and gloomy god of the Lower World where the dead existed.